Unit1 Women Of Achievement（1） 焦点词汇1. behave vt&vi举动;（举止或行为）体现1）behave well /badly towards sb 看待某人好/差They behaved badly towards guests,which made us very disappointed .他们对客人态度很差，这使我们很失望。2）behave oneself 守规则；体现得体Behave yourself ! 规则点！3）well-behaved adj体现好的badly-behaved adj体现差的well-behaved/badly-behaved little boys行为规则的/不规则的小男孩们4）behavior n 举止;行为mind one's behavior注意某人的举止We each should mind our behavior in public places.在公共场所我们每一小我私家都应该注自己的 行为举止。2. worthwhile adj 值得的；值得做的1） It is worthwhile doing /to do sth做某事是值得的It is worthwhile to visit /visiting the Great Wall .= Visiting the Great Wall is worthwhile。

观光长城是值得的。2)be well worth doingThe Great Wall is well worth visiting .长城值得观光。

3)be worthy of +n/being dongbe worthy to be doneThe Great Wall is worthy of a visit .=The Great Wall is worthy of being visited .=The Great Wall is worthy to be visited.长城值得观光。3 .observe vt 视察；观察；遵守1） observes sb do sth 视察到某人做某事（全历程）Sb :be observed to do sth （被动语态要加to）The thief was observed to open the window and run away .有人见谁人贼打开窗口跑了。2）observe sb doing sth 视察到某人正在做某事The police observed the man entering the bank.警员监视着谁人男子进入银行。

3）observe遵守We all should observe the traffic rules .我们都应该遵守交通规则。4）observe 庆祝It is a tradition for the Chinese people to observe the Spring Festival.中国人庆祝春节是一个传统习俗。4 . respect vt&n 尊敬；尊重；敬意1）respect sb for sth因某事敬重某人respect oneself自尊；自重I respect you for your honesty .由于你为人正直，我对你十分敬重。

2）show/have respect for sb 尊重某人Children should show respect for their teachers .学生要尊敬他们的老师。3）in all /many respects在各个方面in respect of =with respect to 关于；就..而言China is developing rapidly in all respects,which we're pound of .中国在各个方面生长都很迅速，为此我们感应自满。5 .argue vt&vi 讨论；辩说；争论1) argue with sb about sth与某人争辩某事He is arguing with his classmates about the solution to the problem.他正在与同学们争论这个问题的解决方法。

2）argue for /against sth 据理力争/阻挡某事Many people argued for /against changing the rules.许多人据理力争/阻挡改变这些规则。3）argue sb into /out of doing sth=persuade sb into /out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事We argued him into /out of going there .我们说服他去/不去那儿。

4）argue that ...主张..；认为...She has argued that wild animais should be left in the wild ..她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活..5 ）have an argument with sb about sth与某人争辩某事1)We had an argument with the waiter about the bill .我们和服务员就账单发生了争论。6 .inspire vt 鼓舞；引发；启示1）inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事The beautiful scenery inspired him to finish his writing .漂亮的风物激励着他完成他的创作。2）inspire sb with sth= inspire sth in sb用某物鼓舞某人Eg What he said at the meeting inspired confidence in me .=What he said at the meeting inspired me with confidence .他在会上说的话激起了我的信心。

3） inspiring adj 鼓舞人心的The film was really inspiring.这部影戏鼓舞人心。I t was really an inspiring film .它是一部鼓舞人心的影戏。4）inspired adj 受到鼓舞的The children were inspired after seeing the film.看了这部影戏孩子们受到了鼓舞。

7. intend vt 计划；计划1） intend to do sth 计划做某事I don't intend to stay long .我不计划恒久停留。2）intend sb to do sth 计划让某人做某事He intended his son to manage the company .他计划让儿子治理公司。3）be intended for sb/sth 为...计划/设计的The book is intended for children .这本书是为儿童写的。

4）intention nwith the intention of 报有...的目的/计划The program is set up with the intention of providing help homeless people .建立这个项目是为了给无家可归的人提供资助。8 .considerate adj思量周到的1） be considerate towards sbTom is considerate towards his wife .汤姆对他妻子很体贴。2）It is considerate of sb to do sthIt was considerate of him to wait so long .他一直等了那么长时间，真是体贴。

3)consideration n 思量;体谅take...into consideration 思量...You should take everything into consideration before making a decision .在做决议之前，你应该全面思量。4）consider vt 思量；认为consider+ 疑问词+to doconsider doing sth 思量做某事consider sb to be ..认为某人...He is considering going to Beijing .他正思量着去北京。

We all consider him to be one of the best students in our class .我们都认为他是我们班最好的学生。9 .deliver vt1）递送As we all know , letters are delivered every day.我们大家都知道，信件天天都要投递。2） 生（小孩），be delivered of （只用于被动）She was delivered of a healthy baby last night .昨晚她生下一个康健的男孩。

3） 接生 deliver a babyHer baby was delivered by her own doctor .她的婴儿是由她自己的医生给接生的。4） 揭晓（演说等）deliver a speech =make/give a speechProfessor Wang will deliver a speech on maths next week .下周王教授要做个数学讲座。

10 .crowd n 人群;观众1） a crowd of /crowds of 许多There are a crowd of people playing in the park .有许多人在公园玩。2）vt 拥挤；挤满Tourists crowded the park.3）be crowded with挤满了...The park was crowded with tourists.4）crowd in on sb (想法等)大量涌现Memories crowded in on me .往事一齐涌上我心头。

（二）拓展词汇1.achievement n 成就；结果achieve v 完成；到达2 .specialist n 专家；专业事情者special adj 特殊的；专门的3 .connection n毗连；关系connect vt 毗连4 .organization n 组织；机构；团体organize vt 组织organized adj 有组织的5 .behave vt&vi 举动；（举止或行为）体现behavior n 行为；举止；习性6 .observe vt 视察；观察；遵守observation n 视察；观察；observer n视察者7 .argue vt&vi讨论；辩说；争论&argument n 争论；争辩；争吵8 .entertainment n 款待；娱乐；娱乐演出entertain vt款待；使欢喜entertaining adj 愉快的；有趣的9 .inspire vt 鼓舞；引发；启示inspired adj 品质优秀的；能力卓越的inspiring adj鼓舞人心的inspiration n灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事10. support n &vt 支持；拥护supporter n 支持者11.refer vi refer vi referred, referred；referring谈到；查阅；参考reference n 提及；涉及；参考；查阅12 .sickness n 疾病；恶心sick adj 生病的13 . intend vt 计划；计划intention n 计划;目的；意图14 .kindness n 仁慈；美意kind adj 亲切的；平和的15 .considerate adj 思量周到的consideration n 思量;体谅consider vt 思量；认为considering prep 思量到 ;就...而言（三）高频短语：1. make an achievement 取得成就2. specialize in sth 专攻某事3. in the shade 在阴凉处4 . move off 脱离；出发5 .It is worthwhile doing sth /to do sth 做某事是值得的6.be outspoken in one's remarks直言不讳7 . lead / live a ...life 过着...的生活8 .crowd in（想法、问题等）涌上心头9 . look down upon /on 蔑视；瞧不起Look up to sb 尊敬某人10 . refer to 查阅；参考；谈到refer to a dictionary 查字典Look up a word in the dictionary查单词11. by chance 碰巧；凑巧on purpose 居心12. come across 偶然遇见；遇见13. carry oncarry on with your workcarry on working 继续事情14 .be modest about sth 对...表现谦虚15. devote oneself to doing sth ..献身于...;致力于...16 .work out 解决；磨炼身体Unit 1 A Study Of African Wildlife（一）必背漂亮句1. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人准备根据简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里造访它们。1） Following Jane's way of studying chimps是ving 短语做状语，表现陪同。eg I offered them something to eat thinking they might be hungry.我给了他们一些吃的工具，心想他们可能饿了。

2）团体名词group , class ,family ,army等作主语时， 如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。eg Our group are all going to visit them in the forest.（指组内成员）我们一行人准备去森林里造访它们。Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon.（强调整体）简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。

2 .Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day .视察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的是我们当天的首要任务。Watching a family of chimps wake up是ving 短语做主语，谓语动词用单数。eg Leaning a foreign language is very useful to me .学一门外语对我来说很是有用。

3 .This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before .这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们脱离黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。1）where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before是定语从句,修饰先行词the place.2） meaning doing sth 意味着mean to do sth 计划；想要去做某事eg To help them means helping yourself .资助他们就是资助你自己。

She means to make everything clear to you .她想把一切向你说清楚.3）leave +宾语+doing让某人做某事Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain .不要让她在外面雨中等候.4 . Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project .她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，着才使她得以开始自己的计划。1） 这是一个倒装句。正常语气的陈述句应当是：She was allowed to begin her project after her mother came to help her for the first few months .after her mother came to help her for the first few months 在句中做时间状语从句。

2）Only 修饰状语（状语从句/副词/介词短语），位 于句首时，句子要用部门倒装结构（助动词/情态动词/系动词be+主语+句子其它）。Only then did he realize his mistakes.= He realized his mistakes only then.只是那时他才意识到自己的错误。

Only in this way can you learn English well .= You can learn English well only in this way.只有以这种方法你才气学好英语。如果句子是主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him .= I will speak to him only when he apologizes for his rudeness.只有当她为他的冒失致歉时我才会跟他讲话。

注意：Only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。Only he knew the secret .只有他知道这个秘密。5 .We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree .我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍。

play in the tree是省to 的不定式作宾补，可是在被动语态中要加to ;eg Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night .厥后瞥见他们一起回窝里睡觉了。Someone was heard to come up the stairs .听见有人上楼了。6 .She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it .她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把他们吃掉。1）observe sb doing sth 视察到某人正在做某事The police observed the man entering the bank.警员监视着谁人男子进入银行。

2）observes sb do sth 视察到某人做某事（全历程）Sb :be observed to do sth （被动语态要加to）The thief was observed to open the window and run away .有人见谁人贼打开窗口跑了。7 .Once I stop , it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps n laboratories .一旦我停下来,所有的一切都市涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩.1）句中once I stop是由连词once 引导时间状语从句,意为"一旦...就"Once you have seen that, you can never forget ..一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记。2）crowding in 是ving 短语做陪同状语，修饰动词comes.She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.她坐在桌旁读报纸。

8 . For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.40 年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人相识并尊重这些动物的生活the rest of 其余的；剩下的；the rest of +不行数名词/可数名词单数+单数谓动词；the rest of +可数名词复数+复数谓语动词。eg The rest of the money was given to his son.剩下的钱都给了他的儿子。The rest of the apple was thrown away .谁人苹果余下的部门被扔掉了。The rest of the apples were sent to the nursing home .剩下的那些苹果被送到养老院。

9 .She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women .她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而欢呼喝彩。（二）必背短语：Para11 .behave like humans 行为像人一样2 .go back to 回到3 .the night before 前一天晚上4 .in the shade of the trees在树阴下5 .wake up 醒来6 . move off/set off /set out 出发7.either ...or .. 或者...或者..8.a way of showing love 表达爱的方式9 .by the afternoon到下午的时候10 .play in the tree 在树上玩birds in the tree 树上的鸟apples on the tree树上的苹果Para21 .spend time( in) doing sth 花时间做某事spend money on sth 花钱在某物上2 .communicate with each other相互交流3 .work sth out 盘算出；解决；找出..的谜底work out their social system 勾勒出它们的社会体系Para3 -41 .be outspoken about 关于...坦坦白言2 .the rest of the world 世界上其他的国家3 .respect the life of these animals尊重这些动物的生活4 .argue that主张5.in the wild 在野外6.set up 建立；建设7 .Lead /live a busy life 过着忙碌的生活8 .crowd in on sb （想法、问题等）涌上心头9 .say to oneself 自言自语10. gain a doctor's degree获得博士学位Unit 1 Why Not Carry On Good Work?（1） 必背漂亮句1. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the desk to do some research on great women of China.直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了谜底when I sat down at the desk to do some research on great women of China是由when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one evening.2 . It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career ,travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.似乎她一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去外洋留学，写了许多书和文章。1） It seemed that...。that 引导表语从句， travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles是ving 短语，在从句中作陪同状语。

2） It seemed that..."似乎..."It seemed that she is happy .她似乎很兴奋。3 .It was a small book explaining how to cut the death ate from having and caring for babies .这是一本小书，先容如何从妇女有身到照顾护士婴儿的历程中降低死亡率。1）explaining....是ving 短语作定语，修饰a small book。

相当定语从句which explained how to cut ...2） ving形式作定语相当谓语动词为举行时或一般时的定语从句。eg Women caring (who care)for patients in hospitals are called nurses.医院里照料病人的女性叫护士。4.Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice?林巧稚认为谁会是需要这些忠告的妇女呢？1） that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the women。

定语从句中：Lin Qiaozhi thought是插入语，that主语，needed是谓语.2） 当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which 时，不管先行词是人还是物，定语从句的关系代词只能用that ，不能用who和which .（制止混淆）Who is the boy that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的谁人男孩是谁？Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？5 .Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time .我突然想起在谁人年月，一个女子去学医是何等难题。1）it是形式主语，真正的主语是由how difficult 引导的是主语从句。2） It hit sb that /how/wh-..."使某人突然想到...."类似的句式：It occurs/occurred to sb that ...It strikes /struck sb that ...It hit me that they had got her wrong.It struck me that they had got her wrong.It occurred to me that they had got her wrong我突然想到他们误会她了。

6 .That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'.那是一个女性受教育总是排在男性之后的年月。1）when girls' education was always placed second to boys'是由when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 a generation。This is a generation when men and women are equal.这是一个男女平等的年月2）Place sb/sth second to sb /sth 使...仅次于...second to none 不亚于任何人或事物As a dancer ,he is second to none =Nobody is a better dancer than he is .他的舞技不亚于任何人。7 .Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school .进一步阅读使我相识到，是苦干、刻意和善良的天性是他走进医学院的大门。

1）Further reading made me realize that....是主句，that引导是（realize）的宾语从句；其中宾语从句，用强调句表达：it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school ，强调句子的主语hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature，got是谓语动词。2）强调句结构：It is /was +被强调部门+that+句子其它。

8 .What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.厥后使她乐成的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。What made her succeed later on是由what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词用单数was.she showed to all her patients是省略that /which 的定语从句，修饰先行词 the kindness and consideration。

eg What is needed for the space ship is careful preparation .太空旅行所需要的就是经心的准备。9.There was story after story of how LinQiaozhi ,tired after a day's work , went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her .数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，由在深夜去为贫苦家庭的妇女接生，而这些家庭是不行能给她酬劳的。how LinQiaozhi ,tired after a day's work , went late at night to deliver a baby..是how引导的宾语从句，作介词of 的宾语。

who could not pay her是定语从句，修饰先行词 a poor family。Pay attention to what the doctor said .（what..,是宾语从句，作介词to 的宾语） 注意医生所说的话。10 .By now I could not wait to find out more about her .现在我迫不及待地想都相识一些她的情况。11 .Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work ?为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的事业呢？12.It was still not too late for me to improve my studies,prepare for the university entrance examinations.现在努力提高结果、准备大学入学考试还不算晚..写作常用句：It is not too late fo sb to do sth .现在要某人作某事还不太晚。

eg It is not too late for us to work hard at our lessons.现在我们努力学习还不太晚。（二）必背短语Para11.not ...until 直到....才2.sit down at the computer坐在电脑旁3.do some research on/into sth对...举行研究/观察Para21. by chance/by accident偶然on purpose /by design居心2. come across 碰巧；凑巧3. a specialist in sth 某方面的专家a specialist in women's disease 妇科专家4. It seems that ...似乎/似乎...5. her chosen career 她选择的事业6. catch one's eye：=attract /draw one's attention 引起某人注意；吸引某人的注意力7. cut the death rate 降低死亡率8. care forsb 喜欢，照顾care for babies 照顾护士婴儿9. free from=free of 挣脱..,免遭...10. be intended for 为...准备的11. in the countryside在乡下12. have an emergency 有紧迫情况13. reach sb 联系上某人reach a doctor 与医生取得联系Para31. It hit sb that... 使某人突然想到..2 .get medical training医学培训3 .place sb/sth second to sb /sth 使...仅次于...second to none 不亚于任何人或4 .further reading 进一步阅读5 .as well as 也；和6 .gentle nature 温柔的天性7 .later on 之后；厥后8 .story after story 一个又一个故事9 .deliver a baby 接生孩子deliver a speech 揭晓演讲be delivered of a baby /give birth to a baby生孩子10 .pay sb给某人酬劳Para41 .Can /could not /never wait to do sth=Can /could hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待地要做某事2 .devote her whole life to her patients3 .a family of her own 她自己的家庭4 .make sure that...确保...5 .Why not do sth？ 为什么不做某事6 .carry on(doing) sth 继续；坚持carry on her good work 继续她的事业7.improve one's studies提高某人的学业8. prepare for sth 为..做准备9 .the university entrance examinations大学入学考试。

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